Nonprofit Harvest

Charitable Giving: Glass Half Empty or Hall Full?

This week, Giving USA released their report on 2008 giving.  As nonprofits can attest, it was a rough year.  According to the study, total giving decreased by 5.7%, with donations down across the board.

• Individual giving: -6.3 percent
• Foundation grantmaking: -0.8 percent
• Corporate giving: -8 percent
• Charitable bequests: -6.4 percent
• Two-thirds of public charities experienced a decline in donations.

However, even in the worst economic climate since the Great Depression, charitable giving exceeded $300 billion.

Over at Tactical Philanthropy, Sean does some excellent analysis in his post How Much Did Americans Really Give in 2008?

So what’s the take away? I would say that the best way to think about charitable giving in 2008 is that it contracted sharply, but that the contraction was less than many people feared and the total amount given was within the range of the level of giving seen over the past few years. Giving as a percentage of GDP was 2.2%, within the normal range and very close to the 2.3% of GDP that was given in 2007…

Charitable giving behaved more or less as it normally does when the economy sours. This is, by most measures, the worst recession in a very long time and so we’re seeing charitable giving get hit. But it is only declining in line with the way it normally behaves.

As a reminder, if this recession is similar to other economic downturns, it will take the philanthropic/nonprofit sector longer to recover than the rest of the economy.  The Giving USA authors commented in a discussion hosted by the Chronicle of Philanthropy that this recession resembles the one in1974 , when took three years for giving to rebound.  However, they cautioned against assuming that this would be an accurate guide, noting the changes in the world and the nonprofit sector.

Related Coverage

• Charitable Donations Fell by Nearly 6% in 2008, the Sharpest Drop in 53 Years
• Charitable Giving Fell by 2 Percent in 2008, ‘Giving USA’ Says

Other Giving Reports

• Foundation Center 2009 Foundation Giving Forecast
• 2009 Giving Forecast by Minnesota Grantmakers
• MCF 2009 Outlook Report

What’s a nonprofit to do? Start contingency planning

During the Giving USA chat, someone brought up the question of budgeting amidst so much uncertainty:

Question from Hazel, animal charity: How can one do any financial planning or construct a budget for the coming year when it may even be worse than last year and no one knows whom we can depend on?

Nancy Raybin:  Agree on different scenarios, e.g. economy gets worse by 10 percent, economy levels; economy gets better by 10 percent. Make some hypotheses about the impact of different scenarios on your animal charity’s activities and what donors are likely to do. Then prepare different budgets for each scenario. Clearly, you know best how animal lovers respond in these times. You must also have a number of donors on whom you can depend. Focus on those.

Sometimes it feels like I’m beating the scenario planning drum all time, but it really is the best advice we can give to help nonprofits plan and adapt in these uncertain times. Download and use our tools to get started.

This Week’s Harvest

• A Nonprofit News Round-Up from Not-For Profit Accounting,  including:
  • Bringing the Stimulus Plan Home: Obama’s Effect on Nonprofit Jobs
  • 7 Things To Consider For Your D&O Policy
• British Charity Mergers Examined
• FASB Releases Standard for Nonprofit M&A

The administrative cost ratio, always the topic of heated discussion, is in the news again. Not-For Profit Accounting blogged on the topic this week, unpacking the accounting jargon and rules:

A nonprofit’s expenses are classified by what they were used for within the three broad categories / functional areas of administration, program and fundraising.  Program costs are considered direct expenses, expenses that have a direct effect on fulfilling the mission of the nonprofit organization.  Administrative costs are indirect expenses, they affect the mission of the organization indirectly.  The organization can’t get by without those expenses but, according to the IRS and others, they have no direct effect on the mission.

This point, of course, can be argued and I think it is where much of the confusion resides when talking about classifying nonprofit expenses.  But this is the world we operate in and those are the rules, so it is best to make sure we understand the rules so we can present our numbers in the most honest fashion to show what it costs to do the work we do.

He also contributed his take on what the ratio really means:

One financial ratio used in isolation is no true measure of any organization.  Only by looking at both the numbers and the program outcomes can we judge whether an organization is effective or not.

There’s too much at stake right now to use this ratio alone to measure effectiveness, let alone as a way to compete with one another for already diminished resources.  Kate brought up a similar question last year in her post, Irrelevant Ratios:

We need a two-step retirement plan. First is to jointly stop using the ratio as a way to distinguish our organizations from others, in an unhealthy type of competition, as in “our administrative ratio only is 5%, so your donated dollar will go farther with us.” The second is to find a better way to convey the quality and effectiveness of the work that you do, which requires a real method of evaluating and communicating the programs and impact on clients.

Administrative costs are part of doing business.  It takes time and money to run an effective organization, and being efficient with those dollars is not the same as being effective with them.

End of Session Resources

• Weigh-in on unallotment before Governor acts from MCN’s Nonprofit Policy News
• The Legislature has Left the Building, Pawlenty’s Poised to Make Cuts-What’s a Nonprofit to Do? from Philanthropy Potluck

This Week’s Harvest

• The Cohen Report: Finding Nonprofits in President Obama’s FY2010 Budget
• Philanthropists Set Spending Deadlines from the Wall Street Journal
• New to the Nonprofit Sector? Here’s a BRIEF Overview from Nonprofit Leadership 601
  
• Survival Strategies for the Arts from Blue Avocado

The Federal Budget

On Thursday, May 7th the Obama Administration presented their 2010 federal budget.  Here are a few resources to help you understand how these budget decisions may impact your organization.

• The Chronicle of Philanthropy has a good overview, Nonprofit Groups Receive Mixed Results in Obama’s Budget.

• Minnesota Budget Bites participated in the telephone budget briefings that highlighted key aspects on the budget.  Read their takeaways here.

• Learn more about what this budget means for your state with the OMB’s state by state fact sheets.
  • Minnesota

• If you’re on Twitter, follow the conversation under the #budgetnp hashtag

2009 Giving Forecast

This week the Minnesota Council of Foundations issued an update on how Minnesota’s foundation are responding to the economic crisis.  I suggest carefully reviewing the information to see if your funders giving priorities or guidelines have changed.

For organizations outside of Minnesota, the Foundation Center is doing a great job of gathering information and analysis on the philanthropic community, including a similar giving forecast for national funders.

Foundation Updates

• Despite Decline in Assets, Foundations Are Responding to Those Affected by Recession

• Responding to Economic Turmoil in the Arts

This Week’s Harvest

• Filing the E-Postcard?  The deadline is next Friday, May 15th.

• Nonprofit News Roundup: Laws and Money from Not-For Profit Accounting

• What’s the Point of a Nonprofit Board, Anyway? from Blue Avocado

• The Chronicle of Philanthropy and the Nonprofit Finance Fund are offering a special series of live discussions on Financial Management in Tough Times.
  • Thursday, May 14: Financing options
  • Thursday May28: New ways for arts organizations to finance their operations
  • Thursday June 11: The changing role of foundations
  • Thursday June 25: Making capital campaigns work in the recession

Stimulus Update

The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA, commonly called the Stimulus), includes significant funding for nonprofit organizations.  However, assessing whether or not you should apply, and how to do so, can be a daunting task.  Especially given the timetable for submissions and reporting.

Before you apply for any federal funding, I encourage you to read these words of caution and consider whether or not your organization has the infrastructure and administrative capacity for a federal grant.

Jim Schowalter, Minnesota’s state budget director, also offers a few important caveats about the available funds, according to MCF’s Philanthropy Potluck blog:

The amount of stimulus money flowing to Minnesota is equal to 8.2 percent of our state budget; however, our state is facing a 15 percent budget deficit.  This stimulus funding provides a one- or two-year bump to hopefully get us through the recession, but it is not enough to resolve our budget deficit.

While the dollars involved are many, they are not significant enough to create new areas of funding or expand programming, and may not even be enough to stave off cuts to balance our state’s budget.  Much of the money will be distributed using existing infrastructure and pipelines and will go to backfill gaps created by budget shortfalls.

General Resources

• Bulletin on How Nonprofits Can Apply for Stimulus Package Funding from Giving USA and the Center on Philanthropy at Indiana University
• What Do Nonprofits Need to Know About the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act? 
• National Council of Nonprofits Special Reports on Economic Stimulus & Recovery

Minnesota Resources

• Best ARRA Funding Resources – Minnesota from the Foundation Center
• Overview of the Recovery Act from the Minnesota Management & Budget Agency
  
• 2009 Recovery Act Resources for Nonprofits from MCN

New 990 Resources

The IRS has an excellent Resource Library to help nonprofits maintain their tax exempt status, file reports, and meet other requirements.  They recently produced a new mini course to help nonprofits file the 990.

As a reminder, MCN has video training that helps organizations understand the changes to the 990 and Not-For-Profit Accounting can help answer your questions.

This Week’s Harvest

• Surveys: Few NP Mergers And Ready Credit
• Nonprofit Groups in 19 States Report Late Government Payments
• The Funder is Not the Program
• More Than a Third of Family Foundations Are Either Uncertain About Lifespan or Expect to Spend Down

Focus on Excellence

At this time of year, there are many blog posts on resolutions (mine, Kate’s) and strategies about how to achieve our goals.  PhilanTopic has one that stood out, More Good Advice for Nonprofits.

I suggest you read the entire post, but my favorite suggestion is:

2. Grow your mission. Many nonprofit organizations that were founded between 1929 and 1935 are still in existence. Focus your attention on growing your mission. If you focus on excellence, money will follow. If you focus on money, excellence never happens. As in the best of times, let your mission dictate management decisions.

Grow as in nurture, not grow as in expand.  At a time when we are all fighting the urge to do more with less, let your mission and core competencies be your guide.

Outlook for 2009

This week, the Chronicle of Philanthropy hosted an online discussion, Outlook for 2009: What the Recession Will Mean for Your Organization.

This was a particularly useful and timely discussion.  In the risk of overdoing it, the topic of mission creep came up here as well:

What would be the top five things you would recommend in either assessment/ evaluation or strategic implementation for 2009?

The response?

1. Making sure mission and program [and budget] are aligned. If not, why not?

2. Make sure that core competencies of the org – including staff, facilities, etc are aligned with #1. In good times, orgs sometimes add all sorts of people and programs, and suddenly find that there is an imbalance between what is being done with core mission. Has you mission in fact changed? Ask the hard questions.

If I seem preoccupied with mission creep, it is because we see how it impacts organizations.  An expanded mission may not create a stronger organization. Often it dilutes the services, goals, and focus — which we cannot afford right now.

Check out the rest of the transcript for more information on how the recession may impact your organization’s bottom line.

Giving in Minnesota

For local organizations looking for additional insights, MCF has released its 2009 Outlook Report, which projects foundation and corporate giving for the year.  According to their findings, we should anticipate a decrease in overall giving as compared to 2008:

Overall, grantmakers anticipate giving will drop about four percent in 2009, as compared to 2008. For grantmakers in the sample who give $10 million or more annually, giving is expected to decrease only 1 to 2 percent.

MCF President Bill King also issues a reminder: “This is, of course, a snapshot in time. The giving picture may change with the economy throughout the year.”

• Read the press release

•  2009 Outlook Report

The upcoming Giving Forum will include additional analysis and recommendations.

This Week’s Harvest

• Climate Change on SSIR (Hat tip: Rosetta Thurman)

• Briefing on the Economy and Charitable Giving: December 2008 from the Center on Philanthropy at Indiana University

• Fiscal Sponsors Directory:  Connecting Community Projects with Fiscal Sponsors (Hat tip: PhilanTopic)

• How Small Foundations Can Protect Themselves From a Madoff-Style Scandal

• NEA study: Theaters vulnerable during recession

Unhappy New Year?

Unfortunately, the start of this year doesn’t feel bright and shiny.  We’re worrying about survival and how we can maximize our impact with limited resources. How can we respond to the challenges of 2009?

This is not the first challenging time the nonprofit community has experienced.  However, even if this economic crisis is not different, it feels different.

The folks at Blue Avocado have hit the nail on the head with some outside the box thinking, And Now for Something Different About Nonprofits and the Economy.    I suggest you read the full post, but here are my two favorite suggestion (the bold italics are mine):

1. Declare an emergency. When people have permission to think and act out of the normal grooves, they can be bolder, more creative, energized, or at least more ready to accept changes. So say it out loud: “We are in an emergency period (or we are going into an emergency period). Our funding looks okay through the next four months, but there’s a good shot we’ll get some bad news starting then. We need to start making changes and coming up with some contingency plans that go beyond what we’ve done before.” An emergency doesn’t mean people should panic . . . an emergency means considering the bold and wacky ideas that are either brand new or used to be off the table.

3. Do less with less. Of course there is more need, more demand, and we probably have less money. And we love the gritty heartfelt nature of the cry, “We need to do more with less!” Pause. But it’s not only unsustainable, it probably means you will be able to do even less in the future. If a program’s funding has been cut by 30%, you may need to do 30% less. The best decision may be to be open fewer days a week, hold fewer performances, or stop taking children over 5. On the other hand, working harder might be necessary, at least for awhile, but only if it’s to get to a different business model.

What I like about both of these suggestions is their honesty. We have to be honest with ourselves about what we can accomplish. The same old tactics (not to mention expectations) are not realistic.  2009 will be a time of change, because it must be.

Nonprofit and Foundation Resolutions

Speaking of change, what are your New Year’s Resolutions?  Here’s my response:

Our #resolution? To help nonprofits manage & adapt to changing circumstances – we’re using all our tools, incl social media #npecon #npfin 

To get you thinking, here are some resolutions from others in the nonprofit community:

• 2009 Resolutions for Foundations from New Voices in Philanthropy

• Ten Resolutions for the New Year from Leading By Design

• Cheers to the New Year… and its Resolutions from the Case Foundation

For more resolutions, check out Philanthropy Potluck.

2009: A Year of Action?

Hopefully this will spark some creative thinking at your organization.  However, thinking outside the box is not enough. We must also take action to implement necessary changes.

There is an interesting discussion on facebook about nonprofits ability to act quickly and decisively. What do you think?